Skyjack Read online

  In Seattle, more names come in for agents to vet. Charles G. Whitaker, Donald Lewis Coleman, James Wayne Wallace, Monroe John Wobick, Daniel McCall Allen. In photos, some have greasy pompadours, combovers, long shaggy ponytails, crew cuts, spiky ears, bug eyes, droopy chins, snaggle teeth, cheap suits, ruddy faces, skinny faces, pale faces, hawkish faces.

  Bernie Condon is a bridge worker in Wichita with thick forearms. Frank Charles Emhoff has fat lips and a gap between his front teeth. Donald Wayne Vebeck is a Mississippi cop, Highway Patrol. Bobbie Lee Campbell has done time in San Quentin. Joseph Royce Stagg escaped from federal prison. Randall Ralph Snyder was arrested in Las Vegas. John Marl Nealer is another escaped prisoner. He has a paratrooper tattoo.

  In family photos turned over to the authorities, it is difficult to decipher the intent of the man on the couch gripping a beer or dressed up for a night out dancing. John Donald Page is cutting up a pumpkin for Halloween. Donald Eugene Collins has a name similar to the hijacker. D for Dan, D for Donald. C for Cooper, C for Collins. Someone overheard him talking about how to escape from a hijacked plane via parachute. Collins, the feds later learn, is training to be a sky marshal.

  More tips come in.

  In Cougar, another logging town, two men are reported to have checked into the Fir Motel late on the night of the hijacking. The men told the night clerk they were going fishing—but the area had been closed down for years. The next morning, they were gone. Who were they?

  One tip comes from a hitchhiker. Says he was picked up by a man named Monsebrotten, who was holding a lot of $20 bills. The call is a crank.

  Another tip, confirmed and verified, concerns a fixed-wing plane. On the night before the hijacking, the plane took off from a landing strip within the Cooper drop zone. Cooper’s getaway vehicle?

  “I was a little surprised to see a plane flying so low through the storm,” a witness says. “I thought to myself, What’s that nut doing up in the air on a night like this?”

  The feds locate the plane. It’s registered to a local pilot. The pilot is interviewed. He’d gone up for a ride in bad weather.

  A hunting cabin is searched. Agents trek deep into the woods to find it.

  The cabin is a dump. The walls are falling apart. Dust and grime coat every surface. On a countertop, agents find a receipt. It’s dated a month before the hijacking, for a purchase of $23.07 from Tweedy and Popp, a hardware store in Seattle. Maybe Cooper purchased his bomb-making supplies at Tweedy and Popp? The owners of the store (Tweedy and Popp) are questioned and shown the Bureau sketch. They can’t identify the hijacker. A lot of customers look like the sketch.

  Arrests are made. One night, police pull over a car for speeding. A chase ensues. The driver is pushing 130 miles per hour. His tires blow out. His wheels burst into flames. The car grinds to a charred stop.

  Searching the driver in custody, police find an unusual amount of foreign currency: Canadian, Mexican, Chilean, Peruvian, Australian, Brazilian. All together, the foreign notes must be worth the same as Cooper’s ransom.

  News of the arrest leaks to newspapers and radio stations. Cooper is caught, early reports say. But agents learn the driver is Dutch and speaks little English. Witnesses on the hijacked plane would have detected his accent.

  In Portland, Ralph Himmelsbach’s house phone rings. A bartender reports another customer buying drinks for the bar and waving around a stack of $20 bills. Improbable. Himmelsbach gets up and gets dressed and checks it out anyway. No surprise. Another prank.

  Himmelsbach worries about copycats. If Cooper isn’t caught soon, others might hijack airplanes for cash and parachutes. The feds will have to fight off an epidemic of skydiving robbers.

  He thinks of D.O. Guerrero, a character in the bestselling novel and hit film Airport, which came out last year. A sweaty, nervous passenger, Guerrero is down on his luck, so he loads up on life insurance and tries to blow up himself and a plane on the way to Europe. Like Cooper, he fashions a bomb inside his briefcase. Himmelsbach thought the film shouldn’t have been aired. It could inspire imitators. Heck, Cooper himself could have watched it and decided to hijack Flight 305.

  In weeks, the agent’s fears prove true.

  Everett Holt is twenty-five. He made high grades, was the lead in school plays. A Quaker, he attended meetings. On Christmas Eve, roughly a month after the Cooper hijacking, Holt boards a Northwest plane in Minnesota and wields a revolver and fake bomb. He demands two parachutes and a $300,000 ransom, before surrendering.

  “It surely couldn’t be the same kid,” a friend says of Holt. But it was.

  Billy Hurst is twenty-two. On a Boeing 727 from Dallas to Houston, he pulls a pistol and claims to have a bomb. He wants parachutes and a ransom of $1 million.

  Richard LaPoint is twenty-three. He uses a fake bomb to hijack a DC-9 from Las Vegas to Reno. He demands $50,000 and parachutes. He jumps. On the ground, he is captured.

  Merlyn St. George is on parole from San Quentin. He uses a starter pistol and a fake bomb to commandeer a Mohawk Airlines plane from Albany to New York. Just like Cooper, he asks for $200,000 and parachutes. He holds a stewardess hostage by placing a pistol to her head. An FBI agent opens fire with a shotgun. St. George is killed in the blast.

  Stanley Speck is thirty-one. He is a National Merit scholarship winner and a Stanford graduate. He wears blue fatigues and threatens to blow up a Boeing 727 with a hand grenade. He wants four parachutes and $500,000. “He must have flipped his lid,” Speck’s mother says after his surrender. “I just can’t understand it.”

  February 18, 1970

  University Of Washington, Seattle

  There are complications. Another surgery is planned. That way, she won’t have to use a colostomy bag. From the nurse’s notes:

  Talked with Barbara for approximately 2 hours about her concerns. 1) Surgery. She feels that up to now most of it has been a failure. Wonders whether another attempt will be made at creating new vagina—hesitant to question doctors for fear it may anger them.… She asked if she could wear [a hat] as she was concerned about the appearance of her hair and the fact that it has gotten so sparse.

  8-11p [Patient] doing well. However was somewhat upset tonight after [unclear] phone calls from former “friends” asking that she no longer visit them.

  The second surgery is a success. Barb leaves the hospital to recover. She is living in a small house in Renton, south of Seattle. The sky is filled with Boeing airplanes. Renton is where the legendary 707 and 727 are manufactured. Renton is also where Boeing’s engineers are now busy trying to perfect the Supersonic Transport, a futuristic jet that can ferry passengers to London in only a few hours, and at the sound-breaking speed of 1,900 miles per hour.

  Designed to compete with the French Concorde and the Russian Tupolev, the Supersonic Transport program is controversial. The jet will fly too fast. Over time, the Supersonic will shorten the life expectancy rate, one scientist warns. Humans are not supposed to live life at those speeds. And the jets will be noisy and dirty. Across the country, activists and environmentalists complain that the sonic boom the jet will create will be a constant disturbance. Already, civic groups are complaining about the noise pollution of bigger planes and new airports.

  In Washington, President Nixon wants to keep the program going.Already, the government has given Boeing $1 billion for development costs. In Renton, the program employs some 1,500 people. Most domestic jets are made from aluminum, but one challenge for the jet’s engineers is to build the airplane out of titanium. It is heat resistant, and is a relatively new material for the Boeing engineers to work with. Titanium sponge, which is where the ore comes from, is mostly found in Russia. When Boeing competitor Lockheed was building spyplanes out of titanium in the early 1960s, the CIA used an elaborate network of cutouts to funnel the material out of the Soviet Union.

  Barb Dayton does not like the SST or Boeing’s planes. They clog up the sky and make it far too difficult for Weekend Warrior pilots like herself to simpl
y take off on an afternoon. Near the giant Boeing fields and hangars, Barb Dayton rarely leaves her house. She wants to wear feminine clothes but can’t because short sleeves will expose her tattoos. She wants to wear lipstick but can’t because lipstick draws attention to her bad teeth. When she returns to the hospital for checkups, doctors remark how morose she is.

  She is aware that she is isolating herself from society. Lives alone in house in Renton ($60/mo. Rent), prior to this lived in trailor [sic] but moved when man threatened to kill her after she told him about her surgery “people like you don’t deserve to live.”

  She is broke. She needs a job but is too ashamed to apply for one. She cashes her welfare checks and shops at the Goodwill. Her clothes don’t fit. She considers suicide again.

  Volunteer, her doctors tell her. A job—any job—could restore her confidence.

  Her clothes aren’t nice enough for volunteer work, she says. Besides, how can she volunteer? She can’t afford the gas to drive to a job. And no, she doesn’t want help, doesn’t need any, won’t take any, it’s not her way.

  Her father, Elmer, offers her money to repair her teeth. No thanks, she says. She wonders about her children. Meanwhile, Dennis shipped out. He is in Vietnam. He looks like a boy wearing his Army helmet. He is addicted to heroin. Her daughter, Rena, ran away at age fourteen. She was living in a trailer with her mother, Dixie, and Dixie’s new husband. Rena was scared. She feared sexual abuse. She disappeared. Now she is living in Texas with a woman who tries to prostitute her.

  A year passes. Spring turns into summer and now it’s fall and soon it will be Thanksgiving. Barb has always spent Thanksgiving at home with her family—but as Bobby. How can she go home? Now her brother, Bill, won’t even talk to her. “My brother is dead,” Bill says.

  Barb is truly alone. She writes a letter to her children. She tells her parents to give the letter to them “some day.” It reads:

  Dennis and Rena,

  I know you have both wondered why I’ve remained so distant and never tried to contact you the last few years. To be brief, no matter how hard I’ve tried in the past, I have never been able to accept myself as a male, and nearing the brink of possible suicide, I submitted myself to extensive medical and psychological research. It was determined that I was a transsexual. Physically a male, but more basically a female. In December 1969, I underwent conversion surgery for sex reassignment. I am no longer a would-be man and I have my true identity now, and am much happier for it.

  Please don’t hate me for what I’ve done. Life is full of the unexpected.

  BARBARA DAYTON

  ROBERT DAYTON

  January 6, 1972

  McChord Air Force Base, Tacoma, Washington

  On the tarmac, the Northwest jet is waiting. The goal of the test flight is to find out where Cooper’s parachute came down. Agents want to determine why the “pressure bump” occurred in the cabin of the hijacked plane, and when, to pinpoint a more accurate drop zone. Harold Anderson, the flight engineer on the Northwest 305 flight, is here to monitor the dials of the cockpit, to see if the reactions are similar.

  The original plan was to have a parachutist mimic the hijacker’s jump and see where he landed. That plan has been scrapped. What if the test parachutist is speared on a tree? What if his chutes don’t open and he dies? And do they need him anyway?

  The same results can be achieved, agents feel, with a simulation. They’ve built two sleds that weigh more than 200 pounds, roughly the same weight as the hijacker plus his cash bundle. The plan is to drop the sleds over the Pacific Ocean and monitor the jet’s gauges.

  Inside the cabin, agents wear headphones to protect their ears from the blast of engine noise once the aftstairs are released. They snap photos of Air Force personnel as they don parachutes and parachute helmets. Another Air Force plane flies alongside the Northwest jet to record the experiment on film.

  It’s sunny and clear above the clouds. Over the Pacific Ocean, the jet stabilizes at ten thousand feet. In the cabin, agents watch as the aftstairs are opened and released. A blast of air and noise rips through the cabin. The stairs do not lower on their own. As Northwest engineers predicted, the slipstream under the jet’s belly pushes up against the hydraulics. The stairs cannot get into the locked position. They are suspended in midair.

  Inside the cabin, an Air Force captain donning a parachute and crash helmet moves to the back of the jet. He places a foot on the stairs, tests it out.

  The step moves down.

  He takes another step and inches down the stairway, under the scream of the 727’s Pratt & Whitney engines. The captain does not feel heavy gusts of wind. The aftstairs act as a shield, a covered perch high above the Pacific.

  Dan Cooper could make his jump from here. He would be cold. It would be loud. But he would be stable enough to make a jump.

  One sled is lowered. The sled has wood runners. It slides over the stairs and down to where the last step of the aftstairs meets the sky. The rope is cut. The sled falls and drops and sails and crashes into the ocean below. Another sled is brought out, another rope cut. Later in the afternoon, the report is sent via Teletype from Seattle to Hoover’s office in Washington.

  THE EFFECT OF THESE DUMMIES DEFINITELY RECORDED A CABIN PRESSURE CHANGE AND, ACCORDING TO FIRST OFFICER ANDERSON WHO WAS A CREW MEMBER OF THE HIJACKED AIRCRAFT, THE REACTION TODAY WAS IDENTICAL TO THAT WHICH OCCURRED DURING THE HIJACKING.

  The suspicion is confirmed. The pressure bump must have been when the hijacker jumped. Against a map, that places the potential drop zone in the impenetrable forest the feds have been searching.

  “Come next deer season some hunter will find him,” a cop in Woodland says.

  The forest is too thick to search by foot, the winter weather too harsh. If man can’t find Cooper, maybe machine can.

  Nicknamed the Blackbird for its radar-repelling black paint, the SR-71 spy plane is the fastest and highest-flying aircraft ever produced. Built for the CIA to conduct aerial reconnaissance during the Cold War, the Blackbird flies three times faster than the speed of sound. It’s retrofitted with infrared cameras and heat sensors that are like the eyes of God. They cover more than 100,000 square miles per hour, and are so powerful they can identify a car’s license plate from as high as 85,000 feet. The film itself is printed on a strip roughly 24 feet long, and requires special training to decipher.

  Each time the SR-71 prepares for a run, the weather breaks. Again, the forces of nature seem to be in cahoots with the hijacker. The first report:

  DUE TO CLOUD COVER, NO PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN.

  The second, the third report:

  PHOTOGRAPHIC OVERFLIGHT USING SR-SEVENTY ONE AIRCRAFT PERFORMED … ON ALL THREE FLIGHTS, NO PHOTOS OBTAINED DUE TO LIMITED VISIBILITY FROM VERY HIGH ALTITUDE.

  Into the spring, the weather clears. The ground search resumes. Jeeps and trucks from the 3rd Armory Cavalry at Fort Lewis barrel down country roads into Ariel, and troops set up tents on a patch of wet grass at the corner of Lake Merwin. In total, there are 260 soldiers and eight Huey helicopters dispatched from the army base to aid the FBI.

  At daybreak, the Hueys drop soldiers and agents in and out of forest clearings. The soldiers wear heavy boots, dark green camouflage, and orange vests to shield themselves from hunters.

  A body is found.

  The report comes from two sisters. The sisters were hunting for antique bottles near an old grist mill outside of Woodland. Down near the bottom of the mill’s cistern a few rotted planks were missing. They looked closer.

  It was a body part.

  Soon, the police, the feds, the Fort Lewis troops from the search, the medical examiner, and reporters are all in the woods at the foot of the old cistern. A soldier uses a chain saw to cut through the old wood. The body is removed.

  She is in her mid to late twenties. She is wearing blue tennis shoes and bell bottom blue jeans. Her jeans have been pulled down to her knees. She’s been raped and stabbed, the medical examiner finds.


  A few weeks later, another body is found. A collection of bones, scattered on the ground. Cooper? The remains are of a hunter who broke a bone and could not make it out of the woods.

  The Army troops search on. Then the spring weather turns. The conditions are so poor they cripple the cavalry.

  DUE TO NEAR EXHAUSTION OF ARMY TROOPS, WHO HAVE ENDURED RAIN, SNOW AND OTHER INCLEMENT WEATHER WHILE TRAVERSING TREACHEROUS, STEEP, HILLY, VINE, TREE AND BRUSH COVERED AREAS, LT. COL. BONSELL FEELS FOR TROOPS WELFARE AND SAFETY THEY SHOULD BE GIVEN REST, WILL TEMPORARILY DISCONTINUE SEARCH.

  When the weather clears, the Army troops return to Lake Merwin. Now, they number 269. They cannot set up their tents.

  DUE TO CONTAMINATION OF JET FUEL, SEARCH NOT COMMENCED.

  When the troops return a week later, winter has returned.

  SNOW, SLEET AND FREEZING RAIN HAMPERED SEARCH. REMAINING AREAS TO BE SEARCHED CAN BE REACHED ONLY BY HELICOPTER INSERTION AND LANDING ZONES IN MOST CASES UNDER SIX TO TWELVE INCHES OF SNOW.

  April 1995

  Pace, Florida

  The phone rings. Jo Weber picks up.

  The caller is the man who bought Duane’s Astro van from Jo. He was cleaning out the van, he says, and found a wallet.

  That’s strange. Jo thought she cleaned out the van.

  He returns the wallet to her. The color is black and the material is pebbled. “Ostrich skin,” it says on the label. She’s never seen this wallet before.

  She goes through it. She finds a picture. A house and palm trees. “San Marino Sanitarium,” it reads.

  Strange. Why would Duane have a picture of an old mental institution in his wallet?